1.
Effect Of Form Of Feed And Dietary Supplementation Of Phytase And Vitamin D3 On Phytase Utilization In Broilers
by Muhammad Farooq | Dr.Saima | Dr. Makhdoom Abdul Jabbar | Dr.Farina Malik.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: AThe purpose of this research trial was to study the effect of form of feed and dietary supplementation of phytase and vitamin 1)3 on phytate utihzation. growth performance, minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and nitrogen retention in broilers. I he findings of this study on the above mentioned parameters have been discussed as under in the light of the available literature.
One hundred and eighty day-old broiler chicks were purchased from local market. The
chicks were weighed on the first day and then randomly divided into 6 groups of 18 replicates. [here were ten chicks in each replicate. Six isocaloric (M[ 2750 Real/kg) and isonitroginous
(CP% 19) broiler starter rations (A, B, C, 1), E and F) were formulated. Similarly six isocaloric (ME 2850 kcal/kg) and isonitroginous (CP% 18) broiler finisher rations (A, B, C, D, E and F)
were formulated. Ration A and ration B was control but ration A was in mash form and ration B in the Form of pellets. Rations C and I) were Formulated in mash form with phytase (Phyzyme XP 10000 LV!) 500 FlU/Kg along with 1, 25(OH) 2 1)3 a' 2000 and 3000 lU/Kg
respectively. Rations E and F were formulated in pellets form with phytase (Phyzyme XP 10000 TPT) @ 500 FTU/Kg along with 2000 and 3000 lU/Kg of 1, 25(OH) 2 D3 respectively. Starter diets were fed I to day 28 and finisher diets were led from day 29 th to 42 Ui day. All the birds were provided ICed and water ud-/ibiluin and were provided with 24 hours light. The parameters defined for study were feed intake, weight, FCR, dressing percentage, toe ash percentage, calcium and phosphorus in toe ash and excreta, nitrogen retention and economics. The data was subjected to statistical analysis and differences among treatment means were analyzed through l)MRl lest.
The results indicated average feed intake that highest feed intake was found in group F (D3 3000 lU/kg and phytase 500 units/kg) and E (1)3 2000 lU/kg and phytase 500 units/kg,) which were in pellet form respectively. The statistical analysis showed significant difference (P<0.05) in feed intake of the birds fed diets in pellet and mash form containing varying levels of D3 and phytase level. The lowest feed intake was found in group A (control, 0 phytase and 0 D3 level) which was in mash form. The maximum average weight gain was in the birds fed diets containing phytase 500 units/kg and vitamin D3 containing 2000 and 3000 units/kg in group F and F in pellet form respectively, while minimum weight gain was in the birds fed diets containing no phytase and vitamin D3 ( group A in mash form). The statistical analysis showed significant difference (P<0.05) in weight gain of the birds fed diets containing varying levels of phosphorus. 1)3 and phytase (a) 500 units with pellet and mash form. Ihe poor FCR was found in group F and best ICR was observed in group E. The statistical analysis showed non-significant difference (P<0.05) in feed conversion ratio of the birds of all the groups. The highest dressing percentage was observed in group F (phytase S00units/kg and vitamin D3, 3000 units/kg) in pellet form followed by group 13 (control. pellet) and F (phytase S00units/kg and vitamin 1)3, 2000 units/kg). The lowest dressing percentage was observed group A (control, mash).A significant difference was found between dressing percentage of all the groups (P<0.05).
Statistical analysis showed non-significant difference between all the groups (P<0.05). Highest toe ash percentage was observed in group D (phytase So0units/kg and vitamin D3, 3000 units/kg) in mash form) followed by group A. C and F. The lowest toe ash percentage was found in group F. The statistical analysis showed non-significant difference among all the groups (P<0.05). The highest phosphorus in toe bone was in group D followed by F and F and lowest phosphorus was found in group A. The results showed that non-significant difference was found between all groups (P<O.05). The highest calcium in toe bone was in group A and F and lowest calcium was in group D.
There was non-significant difference between all the groups (P<O.05). Calcium excretion in group B was lowest while calcium excretion in group A was highest. The statistical analysis showed that there was non-significant difference between all the groups (P<O.05). The lowest phosphorus excretion was found in group F and highest phosphorus excreted in group B and E. The highest nitrogen retention was observed in group F. There was significant difference between all the groups (P<O.05). A significant difference was found in all the groups at 6th week (P<O.05). The highest nitrogen retention was observed in group E and F. Net profit was highest in F and F followed by B and D.
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2.
Bioavailability Of Macrominerals (Ca,P,K,Na)In Broiler Diets Based On Cereals And Cereal Byproduct
by Muhammad Farooq | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr. Makhdoom Abdul Jabbar | Dr.Farina Malik.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: The study was conducted to determine the relative bioavailability of minerals in different cereals grain commonly used in broiler ration. For this purpose experiment was conducted in the Poultry Experimental Shed, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 200 day old broiler chicks and were randomly distributed into five equal treatment groups A, B, C, D & E containing commercial control diet, maize, wheat, rice tips, rice polish respectively. Each treatment had 4 replicates having 10 chicks each. Birds were placed on floor for first 10 days then were shifted to cages on ii day with replicate groups were fed on experimental feed. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Body weight and feed consumption were recorded weekly and FCR and weight gain was also calculated accordingly.
The experiment was ended at day 21, all birds were weighed and feed consumption was recorded to calculate weight gain and FCR. Two birds per replicate were randomly selected and 5m1 blood was taken from wing vein prior to slaughtering. After slaughter, organ weights, left tibia bone were taken. Blood samples, left tibia bone ash, and excreta samples were collected for analysis of macro minerals (Ca, P, K and Na).
Data when statistically analyzed showed that there was a significant differences (P<0.05) among body weights, Birds fed wheat showed the highest (P<0.05) body weight compared to control diet. Feed consumption & FCR values showed significant difference (P>0.05). Organ weight revealed that liver & heart weights were non-significant (P<0.05) among different treatment groups however significantly (P>0.05) highest weights were observed for birds fed diet containing control diet.
Amount of available Ca in plasma was significantly higher (P>O.05) when rice tips was fed as compared to phosphorus which showed significant (P>O.05) differences among treatments and the amount of available minerals Ca, P, Na and K in bone ash were also significant (P<O.05) among birds fed control, maize, wheat ,rice tips, rice polish. The amount of available macro minerals (Ca, P, Na and K) in feed showed a significant difference (P<O.05) when birds were fed wheat, rice tips and rice polish. The amount of macrominerals (Ca, P, K and Na) in excreta significantly showed (P<O.05) difference among all treatments. The bioavailability of macrominerals (Ca, P, K and Na) showed significant (P<O.05) among treatments groups. However bioavailability of phosphorus showed non-significant (P>O.05) difference of group fed control diet and rice polish. The results showed that among energy sources wheat, rice tips and maize minerals contents are compare with rice polish.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1111,T] (1).
